How to Become a Commercial Truck Driver: Training, Salary & Apprenticeships Explained

How to Apply for Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) School, What to Expect, and Why It’s a Great Career Choice

If you’re looking for a career with flexibility, travel, and solid earning potential, becoming a commercial driver could be a great choice for you. Commercial drivers are responsible for operating large vehicles that transport goods and people, from long-haul trucks to passenger buses and delivery vehicles. The demand for qualified commercial drivers has never been higher, making this a career with strong job prospects and stability. This guide will provide a step-by-step overview of how to apply to CDL school, what to expect during training, how to pay for it, and why commercial driving is an excellent career option.

What Does a Commercial Driver Do?

Commercial drivers operate a wide variety of vehicles that require specialized skills and a commercial driver’s license (CDL). These vehicles include long-haul trucks, delivery vans, buses, and other large vehicles used to transport goods or passengers. Depending on the specific type of commercial driving, the tasks can vary, but generally, commercial drivers are responsible for:

• Transporting Goods: The primary role of commercial drivers is transporting goods, ranging from consumer products to hazardous materials. Some drivers operate long-haul trucks, while others deliver goods locally.
• Passenger Transport: Some commercial drivers work as bus drivers or chauffeurs, transporting passengers on scheduled routes, private trips, or public transit systems.
• Vehicle Maintenance: Commercial drivers are often responsible for performing basic vehicle maintenance checks, ensuring their vehicles are safe and in good working order. This includes inspecting tires, brakes, lights, and other systems before and during trips.
• Maintaining Logs: Drivers are required to keep detailed logs of their hours, destinations, and cargo. This is especially important for long-haul truckers who must adhere to regulations about driving hours and rest periods.
• Adhering to Safety Standards: Commercial drivers are expected to follow safety regulations and traffic laws to ensure their safety and that of other drivers. They must be knowledgeable about load securing, road conditions, and other safety procedures.

Step 1: Research Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) Schools and Programs

To become a commercial driver, you must complete training at a CDL school. These programs teach the skills and knowledge necessary to pass the CDL exam and safely operate commercial vehicles. Here are some factors to consider when choosing a CDL school:

• Accreditation: Choose a school that is accredited by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) or is partnered with reputable trucking companies. Accreditation ensures the school provides quality training that meets industry standards.
• Program Length: CDL training programs typically last anywhere from 3 to 8 weeks, depending on whether you’re attending full-time or part-time. Full-time programs may last around 4-6 weeks, while part-time programs are more flexible and can take longer to complete.
• Curriculum: A good CDL program should offer both classroom instruction and hands-on training. The curriculum will cover essential topics such as road safety, vehicle maintenance, traffic laws, cargo handling, and emergency procedures. You will also learn to operate the specific type of vehicle you want to drive, such as a truck, bus, or van.
• Behind-the-Wheel Training: Practical driving experience is critical. Make sure the program includes a substantial amount of behind-the-wheel training where you will operate a commercial vehicle under the supervision of an experienced instructor.
• Job Placement Assistance: Many CDL schools partner with trucking companies or transportation businesses to offer job placement assistance. Some schools even have recruitment teams on-site to help connect students with potential employers.

Step 2: Meet the Basic Requirements

Before applying to a CDL school, you will need to meet certain basic eligibility requirements. These may include:

• Age: You must be at least 18 years old to apply for a CDL if you plan to drive within your state, or 21 years old if you intend to drive across state lines or transport hazardous materials.
• Valid Driver’s License: You must have a valid, non-commercial driver’s license (DL) before you can apply for a CDL. A clean driving record with minimal violations is preferred, though minor infractions may not disqualify you.
• Physical Fitness: Commercial drivers must meet certain physical standards. You’ll need to pass a Department of Transportation (DOT) physical exam to ensure you’re in good health and capable of handling the physical demands of driving a large vehicle. This includes passing vision and hearing tests.
• Background Check: A criminal background check may be required as part of the application process. Most trucking companies and CDL programs will not admit applicants with felony convictions, particularly those related to driving offenses or substance abuse.

Step 3: Apply to CDL School

Once you’ve chosen a school that meets your needs, it’s time to apply. The application process generally involves the following steps:

• Application Form: Fill out the application form, either online or in-person. You’ll be asked for basic personal information, including your contact details and driving history.
• Proof of Education and Driver’s License: You will need to submit proof of your high school diploma or GED, as well as a copy of your current driver’s license.
• Physical and Drug Testing: CDL schools often require a physical exam and drug test as part of the admission process. This ensures you meet the physical requirements and are fit to operate a commercial vehicle safely.
• Entrance Interview: Some schools may require an entrance interview to evaluate your commitment to the program and your interest in the profession. This is a good opportunity to ask questions about the curriculum, career prospects, and any concerns you may have.

Step 4: Complete CDL Training

After you’ve been accepted into a CDL program, you’ll begin your training. The training process is divided into two main components: classroom instruction and behind-the-wheel training.

Classroom Instruction

In the classroom, you’ll learn the theory behind commercial driving, including the rules of the road, vehicle operation, and safety regulations. Topics typically covered include:

• Traffic Laws and Regulations: You’ll study federal and state laws that apply to commercial drivers, including speed limits, hours-of-service regulations, and the rules for transporting hazardous materials.
• Safety and Emergency Procedures: You will learn how to handle emergencies, prevent accidents, and ensure your vehicle is safe to drive before hitting the road.
• Vehicle Systems and Maintenance: Understanding how the vehicle works is crucial. You’ll learn about the engine, brakes, tires, and other systems, and how to perform basic maintenance and safety checks.
• Cargo Handling and Loading: You’ll also be trained on how to safely load and secure cargo to prevent accidents and damage during transport.

Behind-the-Wheel Training

Behind-the-wheel training is where you’ll get hands-on experience operating a commercial vehicle. This portion of your training will involve:

• Basic Vehicle Operation: You’ll learn how to drive, steer, and maneuver large vehicles, including understanding how to handle wide turns, backing up, and parking.
• Road Time: You’ll practice driving on actual roads and highways under the supervision of a qualified instructor, which will help you build confidence and learn to navigate different traffic conditions.
• Pre-Trip Inspections: You’ll be taught how to conduct pre-trip vehicle inspections to ensure everything is functioning properly before you begin a journey.

Step 5: Obtain Your CDL and Licensing

Once you’ve completed your training, you’ll need to pass a series of exams to earn your Commercial Driver’s License:

• Written Knowledge Test: The first step in obtaining a CDL is passing a written knowledge test, which will cover the information you learned in the classroom, including traffic laws, safety regulations, and vehicle operation.
• Skills Test: The next step is a skills test, which will assess your ability to operate a commercial vehicle. This typically includes a pre-trip inspection, a basic control skills test, and an on-the-road driving test.
• Endorsements: If you plan to drive a specific type of commercial vehicle, such as a tanker or school bus, you may need additional endorsements. Each endorsement requires additional written and practical tests.

How to Pay for CDL School

While CDL training can be an investment, there are several options to help you finance your education:

• Financial Aid: Some CDL schools offer financial aid packages, including loans and grants. You may also be eligible for federal financial aid by completing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).
• Employer Sponsorship: Some trucking companies will pay for your CDL training in exchange for a commitment to work for them for a certain period after graduation. This is often referred to as a tuition reimbursement program.
• GI Bill: Veterans may be eligible for tuition assistance through the GI Bill to help pay for CDL training.
• Scholarships: Various organizations offer scholarships for aspiring commercial drivers. Research local and national scholarship opportunities specific to CDL programs.
• Personal Savings or Loans: You can also use personal savings or take out a private loan to cover tuition costs.